An exclusion is a specific condition, treatment, or service that your insurance policy does not cover. Exclusions can be standard (built into the plan for all policyholders) or individual (added to your policy based on your medical history during underwriting). Standard exclusions commonly include cosmetic surgery, fertility treatments, experimental procedures, and services covered by provincial health plans. Individual exclusions might target specific pre-existing conditions — for example, an exclusion for all claims related to a previous back injury. Exclusions are listed in your policy contract and certificate of insurance. It is essential to read your exclusions carefully before purchasing a plan, as claims for excluded items will be denied. Some exclusions are temporary (lasting one to two years), while others are permanent.